Imagine you are the Head of Risk Management at a bank. Your bank holds a diversified portfolio consisting of corporate loans, retail mortgages, and credit card receivables. The current macroeconomic environment is challenging, marked by rising inflation, persistently high interest rates, and downside risks emerging in the real estate market and specific manufacturing sectors. Design a comprehensive stress testing program to assess the potential impact of these adverse scenarios on the bank's loan portfolio and capital adequacy. In your answer, outline the key steps of the stress test, the main assumptions you would make, the key metrics you would use, and the potential challenges you might encounter.

假设你作为新月银行的风险管理团队负责人，银行拥有一个包含企业贷款、零售住房贷款和信用卡贷款的多元化组合。当前宏观经济环境面临挑战，包括通货膨胀上升、利率持续走高，以及房地产市场和特定制造行业显示出下行风险。请你设计一个全面的压力测试方案，以评估这些不利情景对银行贷款组合的潜在影响和资本充足性。你需要阐述测试的关键步骤、使用的主要假设、衡量指标以及可能面临的挑战。